microSD is a format for removable flash memory cards. It is derived from SanDisk TransFlash and is used mainly in mobile telephones, but also in handheld GPS devices, portable media players, digital audio players, expandable USB flash memory drives, and for Nintendo DS flashcards.
There are adapters which allow a microSD card to be used in devices intended for SD, miniSD, Memory Stick Duo and even USB cards. However, they are not universally compatible.
TransFlash and microSD cards are the same (each can be used in devices made for the other), except that microSD adds support for SDIO mode, enabling non-memory cards like Bluetooth, GPS, and Near Field Communication devices.
A point of confusion can come from the difference in the microSD and the newer micro SDHC format. The SD and SDHC share a same form factor, but not all devices are compatible with the newer high capacity format. This is even true with devices that have been developed by SanDisk such as their e200 series of MP3 players. Using 3rd party firmware however, SDHC reading capabilities can be possible, but requires an external writer.
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